docs(readme): update client setup examples

[simPod]

Summary

• Replace the outdated HTTPlug/curl-client setup with Symfony PSR-18 and PSR-17 factories
• Fix README snippets for current settings and native query parameter APIs
• Add missing logging and async examples, and refresh stale links/TOC entries

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 95.99%. Comparing base (6c28d2c) to head (d87084a).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master     #337   +/-   ##
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  Coverage   95.99%   95.99%           
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  Files          42       42           
  Lines         849      849           
=======================================
  Hits          815      815           
  Misses         34       34           

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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Updates the project README to reflect the current recommended client setup and usage patterns for this ClickHouse HTTP client (sync + async), aligning examples with the library’s PSR-18/PSR-17-based APIs and current parameter/query settings APIs.

Changes:

• Replaces the outdated HTTPlug/curl-client setup example with Symfony HttpClient via Psr18Client, and refreshes links/TOC.
• Updates sync API snippets to use ArraySettingsProvider and correct parameter-binding examples.
• Adds logging and async client examples, plus expands/refreshes native query parameter documentation.

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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Copilot reviewed 1 out of 1 changed files in this pull request and generated no new comments.