Update dependency pillow to v12.3.0 [SECURITY]

[renovate-bot]

This PR contains the following updates:

Package	Change	Age	Confidence
pillow (changelog)	==12.2.0 → ==12.3.0

---

Pillow EpsImagePlugin negative %%BeginBinary byte count causes infinite loop denial of service

CVE-2026-59203 / GHSA-pg7v-jwj7-p798

More information

Details

Summary

Pillow's EPS parser (PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py) accepts a negative byte count in the %%BeginBinary directive. A crafted EPS file can cause Image.open() to seek backwards to the same directive and parse it repeatedly, resulting in an infinite loop and CPU denial of service.

The issue is triggered during Image.open(), does not require Image.load(), and does not require Ghostscript execution.

Confirmed affected versions: Pillow 12.0.0 through 12.2.0.

Details

The issue is in the EPS parser in PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py. When parsing an EPS %%BeginBinary directive, Pillow reads the byte count from the file and passes it directly to a relative seek operation without validating that the value is non-negative.

Relevant code:

elif bytes_mv[:14] == b"%%BeginBinary:":
    bytecount = int(byte_arr[14:bytes_read])
    self.fp.seek(bytecount, os.SEEK_CUR)

There is no validation that bytecount is non-negative.

If an attacker provides a negative value such as %%BeginBinary:-18, the parser moves the file pointer backwards from the end of the directive line to the same line region. The next parser iteration reads the same %%BeginBinary:-18 directive again, performs the same backward seek, and repeats indefinitely. This causes Image.open() to hang in an infinite loop and consume CPU.

In local testing, the issue is present in Pillow 12.0.0, 12.1.0, 12.1.1, and 12.2.0. Pillow 11.3.0 did not hang with the same PoC, so this appears to affect the 12.x EPS parsing path.

PoC

Save the following content as pillow_eps_beginbinary_dos.eps:

%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
%%BoundingBox: 0 0 1 1
%%EndComments
% dummy comment after transition
%%BeginBinary:-18
%%EOF

Then run:

python -m pip install "Pillow==12.2.0"

python - <<'PY'
from PIL import Image
Image.open("pillow_eps_beginbinary_dos.eps")
PY

Expected behavior: Pillow should reject the malformed EPS file with a parser exception.

Actual behavior: the process does not return. It hangs inside Image.open() and continuously consumes CPU.

The loop behavior can be observed by tracing the parser state. The file pointer repeatedly seeks from position 112 back to 94, causing the same %%BeginBinary:-18 line to be parsed again and again:

LINE b'%%BeginBinary:-18' pos_after_newline 112
BeginBinary bytecount -18 seek from 112 to 94
LINE b'%%BeginBinary:-18' pos_after_newline 112
BeginBinary bytecount -18 seek from 112 to 94
LINE b'%%BeginBinary:-18' pos_after_newline 112
BeginBinary bytecount -18 seek from 112 to 94

Impact

This is a denial-of-service vulnerability. An attacker who can provide an EPS file to an application using Pillow for image validation, metadata parsing, previews, uploads, or batch image processing can cause the image parsing process to hang during Image.open().

This can impact web services and backend workers that parse untrusted image files, especially if image parsing is performed in a main worker process without CPU limits, timeouts, or process isolation. The issue does not require Ghostscript execution and does not require calling Image.load(), so applications that only use Image.open() to validate or identify uploaded images may still be affected.

Suggested fix: validate the parsed %%BeginBinary byte count before seeking. If the byte count is negative, reject the file with a parsing exception instead of calling self.fp.seek(bytecount, os.SEEK_CUR).

Severity

• CVSS Score: 5.3 / 10 (Medium)
• Vector String: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

References

• https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-pg7v-jwj7-p798
• https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-59203
• https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/9708
• https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/03992618118b4a76b6163cd72ab5ecd684133b83
• https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pillow/PYSEC-2026-3452.yaml
• https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/tag/12.3.0
• https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-pg7v-jwj7-p798

This data is provided by the GitHub Advisory Database (CC-BY 4.0).

---

Release Notes

python-pillow/Pillow (pillow)

v12.3.0

Compare Source

https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releasenotes/12.3.0.html

Removals

• Remove non-image ImageCms modes #​9697 [@​radarhere]

Documentation

• Add release notes for SBOM and performance improvements #​9747 [@​radarhere]
• Add security release notes #​9741 [@​radarhere]
• Add release notes for Python 3.15 beta wheels #​9696 [@​radarhere]
• ImageFont can also be used with ImageText #​9597 [@​radarhere]
• Additional guidelines for security reports #​9659 [@​wiredfool]
• Fixed typo #​9636 [@​radarhere]
• Added CVEs to 12.2.0 release notes #​9591 [@​radarhere]
• Revise development support information in README #​9583 [@​aclark4life]
• Add INCIDENT_RESPONSE.md #​9555 [@​aclark4life]
• Add STRIDE threat model to security docs #​9562 [@​aclark4life]
• Add CVEs to 12.2.0 release notes #​9556 [@​radarhere]
• Update README with revised security policy #​9553 [@​radarhere]
• Update security policy #​9552 [@​aclark4life]
• Update macOS tested Python versions #​9534 [@​radarhere]

Dependencies

• Update dependency harfbuzz to v14.2.1 #​9720 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update dependency mypy to v2 #​9653 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update dependency cibuildwheel to v4 #​9665 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update github-actions #​9655 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update dependency libavif to v1.4.2 #​9652 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update dependency lcms2 to v2.19.1 #​9651 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update dependency check-jsonschema to v0.37.2 #​9650 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update google/oss-fuzz digest to d872252 #​9614 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update dependency lcms2 to v2.19 #​9609 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update dependency libpng to v1.6.58 - autoclosed #​9608 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update dependency harfbuzz to v14 #​9610 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update dependency mypy to v1.20.2 #​9599 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update github-actions #​9611 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update dependency cibuildwheel to v3.4.1 #​9607 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Move dependency versions to single JSON and enable Renovate #​9559 [@​hugovk]
• Updated raqm to 0.10.5 #​9557 [@​radarhere]
• Update dependency cibuildwheel to v3.4.0 #​9532 [@​renovate[bot]]

Testing

• Remove matrix.os from benchmark #​9735 [@​radarhere]
• Remove references to libavif patch #​9734 [@​radarhere]
• Add benchmark tests #​9654 [@​akx]
• Use reshape() instead of setting NumPy array shape directly #​9728 [@​radarhere]
• Add dependencies.json to Windows cache key #​9721 [@​radarhere]
• Increase AVIF test epsilon for loong64 #​9714 [@​wszqkzqk]
• Add colour to Linux and Windows wheel build logs #​9677 [@​hugovk]
• Do not test NumPy against Python 3.15 Windows AMD64 wheels #​9674 [@​radarhere]
• Run pyroma in tox -e lint instead of pytest #​9670 [@​hugovk]
• Update Ghostscript to 10.7.1 #​9634 [@​radarhere]
• Update free-threading CI #​9625 [@​hugovk]
• Increase AVIF test epsilon for riscv64 #​9606 [@​radarhere]
• Add Fedora 44 #​9594 [@​radarhere]
• Test Ubuntu 26.04 LTS (Resolute Raccoon) #​9587 [@​hugovk]
• Skip EPS test_1 for Ghostscript 10.06.0 #​9588 [@​radarhere]
• Catch subprocess.CalledProcessError in test_grab_x11 #​9578 [@​radarhere]
• Correct feature name #​9542 [@​radarhere]
• Skip test if FreeType is not available #​9540 [@​radarhere]
• Remove type hint ignore #​9538 [@​radarhere]
• Update macOS tested Python versions #​9534 [@​radarhere]
• Remove Debian 12 and Fedora 42 from CI #​9530 [@​hugovk]
• Remove manylinux2014 and Amazon Linux 2 #​9528 [@​radarhere]

Type hints

• Use NumPy 2.4.6 for mypy #​9705 [@​radarhere]
• Update dependency mypy to v2 #​9653 [@​renovate[bot]]
• Update putpixel type hint to allow lists in xy #​9585 [@​radarhere]
• Remove type hint ignore #​9538 [@​radarhere]

Other changes

• Speed up ImageChops operations #​9738 [@​akx]
• Speed up Image.filter() #​9736 [@​akx]
• Speed up Image.getchannel(), Image.merge(), Image.putalpha() and Image.split() #​9675 [@​akx]
• Speed up Image.fill(), Image.linear_gradient() and Image.radial_gradient(). #​9737 [@​akx]
• Speed up Image.resample() #​9739 [@​akx]
• Speed up alpha_composite, matrix, negative, quantize #​9740 [@​akx]
• Remove PyErr_Clear() of "weird" exceptions #​9730 [@​radarhere]
• Check realloc return value #​9722 [@​radarhere]
• Add max_length to PdfStream decode() #​9718 [@​radarhere]
• Return early when there is no fill region #​9732 [@​radarhere]
• Allow error to be raised if PyDict_SetItemString fails #​9731 [@​radarhere]
• Speed up Image.blend() #​9649 [@​akx]
• Raise OverflowError if number of vertices is too large for Path #​9729 [@​radarhere]
• Remove unused HSV and LAB matrix conversion from C #​9724 [@​radarhere]
• Prevent reusing ImagingDecoderObject.setimage #​9656 [@​Serotav]
• Raise ValueError if FPX tile size is not 64px by 64px #​9660 [@​radarhere]
• Only clear error if it is BufferError #​9727 [@​radarhere]
• Apply XOR mask to 1 and L mode CUR images #​9641 [@​radarhere]
• Do not raise error from unknown channel ID when parsing PSD layers #​9644 [@​radarhere]
• Raise ValueError if P;2L or P;4L data is truncated in frombytes() #​9725 [@​radarhere]
• Embed SBOM into wheels #​9679 [@​hugovk]
• Do not set eval() globals in ImageMath.unsafe_eval() #​9576 [@​radarhere]
• Add Tcl/Tk license to wheels #​9663 [@​radarhere]
• Ensure map stride is at least one full row of pixels #​9719 [@​radarhere]
• Raise OverflowError if text width exceeds INT_MAX #​9717 [@​radarhere]
• Raise error if image modes do not match ImageCms transform modes #​9715 [@​radarhere]
• Use int64_t for text height #​9716 [@​radarhere]
• Return if error occurs in Py_mod_exec slot #​9712 [@​radarhere]
• Add decompression bomb checks to FontFile classes #​9711 [@​radarhere]
• If C error is raised, return NULL #​9706 [@​radarhere]
• Prevent saving 1 mode images as TGA with run-length encoding #​9709 [@​radarhere]
• Raise ValueError if EPS BeginBinary bytecount is negative #​9708 [@​radarhere]
• Do not DECREF tuple until tuple items are no longer used #​9707 [@​radarhere]
• Do not update NumPy automatically #​9713 [@​radarhere]
• Simplified code #​9642 [@​radarhere]
• If realloc fails, do not reduce block size #​9702 [@​radarhere]
• DECREF PyDict_GetItemRef result #​9701 [@​radarhere]
• Use int64_t to calculate paste box dimensions #​9703 [@​radarhere]
• Calculate JPEG2000 total_component_width for each tile in isolation #​9704 [@​radarhere]
• Raise ValueError if value is not bytes for TIFF_BYTE or TIFF_ASCII tag #​9699 [@​radarhere]
• Release Py_Buffer on error #​9698 [@​radarhere]
• Use os.startfile() in WindowsViewer show_file() #​9692 [@​radarhere]
• Validate large filter sizes when initializing RankFilter #​9695 [@​radarhere]
• Add decompression bomb check to GdImageFile #​9693 [@​radarhere]
• Free image bands when an error occurs while splitting an image #​9694 [@​radarhere]
• Check PyList_Append return value #​9690 [@​radarhere]
• Check WebPMuxNew return value #​9689 [@​radarhere]
• Check PyCapsule_New return value #​9691 [@​radarhere]
• Do not return negative width for text length #​9623 [@​radarhere]
• Add args argument to METH_NOARGS methods #​9687 [@​radarhere]
• Check ImagingNewDirty return value #​9688 [@​radarhere]
• Use int64_t for text width #​9686 [@​radarhere]
• Move PyDateTime_IMPORT inside Py_mod_exec slot #​9580 [@​radarhere]
• Validate size and rank when initializing RankFilter #​9661 [@​radarhere]
• Raise ValueError if insufficient data is read from DDS RGB file #​9405 [@​radarhere]
• Correct IFDRational.__float__() return value #​9676 [@​nyxst4ck]
• Correct length when accessing ImagePath.Path subscript #​9685 [@​radarhere]
• Release reference on non-flattened sequence error #​9684 [@​radarhere]
• Do not release Py_buffer until buf is no longer in use #​9683 [@​radarhere]
• Do not resize macOS retina screenshots by default #​9266 [@​radarhere]
• Add abstract BaseImageFont class #​9595 [@​radarhere]
• Cast before multiplying #​9678 [@​radarhere]
• Limit radius to half width or height of rounded rectangle #​9561 [@​radarhere]
• linesize is always xsize multiplied by pixelsize #​9647 [@​radarhere]
• Check annotate_hash_table return value #​9572 [@​radarhere]
• Catch KeyError when checking mode from PNG IHDR chunk #​9604 [@​radarhere]
• Only pass one argument to C expand #​9664 [@​radarhere]
• Raise error if declared JPEG2000 marker length is too small #​9666 [@​radarhere]
• In _dump(), use Python PPM save, instead of C #​9566 [@​radarhere]
• Raise error consistently from inside ImagingNewArrow #​9571 [@​radarhere]
• Simplify RankFilter.c check #​9662 [@​radarhere]
• Support opening and saving L mode AVIF images with libavif >= 1.3.0 #​9471 [@​radarhere]
• [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate #​9648 [@​pre-commit-ci[bot]]
• Apply libtiff patch to fix CVE-2026-4775 #​9646 [@​radarhere]
• Remove duplicate code #​9640 [@​radarhere]
• Switch iOS back to macos-26-intel #​9631 [@​radarhere]
• Don't use list as default in PdfParser read_prev_trailer #​9629 [@​danigm]
• Add support for Python 3.15 #​9624 [@​radarhere]
• Do not draw line or arc if width is zero #​9589 [@​radarhere]
• Use _accept check in WebP _open #​9605 [@​radarhere]
• Compare dist sizes vs latest PyPI release #​9621 [@​hugovk]
• Do not generate SBOM in scheduled run on fork #​9620 [@​radarhere]
• Use plugin method directly when saving PDFs #​9547 [@​radarhere]
• [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate #​9617 [@​pre-commit-ci[bot]]
• Set Renovate prCreation to not-pending #​9616 [@​radarhere]
• Raise error if PNG transparency has incorrect type or length when saving #​9536 [@​radarhere]
• If PdfParser buffer is memoryview, release it when closing #​9596 [@​radarhere]
• Correct integer overflow in 16-bit resampling #​9480 [@​hayatoikoma]
• SBOM: Use real versions from dependencies.json #​9593 [@​hugovk]
• Restrict SBOM upload to only Pillow JSON #​9598 [@​radarhere]
• Generate CycloneDX SBOM at release time via CI #​9550 [@​aclark4life]
• Raise ValueError if ImageOps border has unsupported format #​9426 [@​veeceey]
• Unsafe pointer dereference from unchecked Python integer in Tk initialization #​9548 [@​barttran2k]
• Reorder renovate.json #​9565 [@​radarhere]
• Add python-pillow GitHub Sponsors to FUNDING.yml #​9563 [@​aclark4life]
• Correct environment URL #​9558 [@​radarhere]
• Remove or protect secrets in Actions #​9544 [@​pre-commit-ci[bot]]
• Move Homebrew dependencies into Brewfile #​9546 [@​hugovk]
• Do not precompute horizontal coefficients if not horizontal resizing #​9543 [@​radarhere]
• Fix comparison warnings #​9541 [@​radarhere]
• Close PdfParser if error occurs during init #​9539 [@​radarhere]
• Drop experimental Python 3.13 free-threaded wheels #​9535 [@​radarhere]
• Update github-actions #​9533 [@​renovate[bot]]

---

Configuration

📅 Schedule: (UTC)

• Branch creation
  • At any time (no schedule defined)
• Automerge
  • At any time (no schedule defined)

🚦 Automerge: Disabled by config. Please merge this manually once you are satisfied.

♻ Rebasing: Never, or you tick the rebase/retry checkbox.

🔕 Ignore: Close this PR and you won't be reminded about this update again.

---

• If you want to rebase/retry this PR, check this box

---

This PR was generated by Mend Renovate. View the repository job log.

[gemini-code-assist]

Code Review

This pull request updates the dependency version of pillow from 12.2.0 to 12.3.0 across multiple requirements.txt files in the repository. There are no review comments on these changes, and I have no feedback to provide.